骑士精神英语(蔡依林英语简介)
本文目录
蔡依林英语简介
Jolin Tsai (Chinese: 蔡依林; pinyin: Cài Yīlín; Wade-Giles: Tsai I-lin) is a Golden Melody Award winning Taiwanese Mandopop singer. To date, Tsai is one of the most successful and popular singers in the Mandarin music market.Early lifeThough Tsai was introverted and shy as a child, her mother realized early on that she had great academic potential, so she enrolled her in Japanese-style mathematics less***, which she completed ahead of schedule. During primary school, she c***istently scored 100 points and ranked among the top three of her class.Tsai devoted her youth to studying English, self-studying English in her primary school years. She eventually majored in English Literature at Fu Jen Catholic University, a Taiwanese university popular for its English flavor. Fu Jen Catholic University is regarded for its English Language program and its English Literature program and a number of Taiwanese entertainers are alumni of these programs.During her childhood years, Tsai developed an interest in singing and experimented with different vocal techniques after listening to the songs of popular female singers such as Teresa Teng and Faye Wong. Musical careerSee also: Jolin Tsai discography and List of Jolin Tsai awards 1998-2001: Universal MusicTsai first started out by taking part in an MTV singing competition at the age of 18. She won the top prize at the competition with her rendition of Whitney Houston’s #1 hit "Greatest Love of All". She was then signed by Universal Music.On July 1999, her first single "Living With the World" (和世界做邻居) was released. It was sold in convenience stores and was a tremendous success, She also released her first photobook with pictures mainly taken in Hawaii.Tsai’s image changed for her third album, Show Your Love. Nearing the age of 21, she released an album that was much more mature and soothing. However, the album did not sell as well as her last two albums. Her fourth album, Lucky Number, was not able to bring her back to the same level of popularity either. The following year, due to conflicts with her record company, Tsai did not release any albums. She did, however, release her second photo book, with photos taken in Thailand. At the end of 2001, Tsai’s contract with Universal Music ended and her first greatest hits compilation, Together was released. 2002-2006: Sony BMGTsai signed with Sony Music that year and got the biggest break of her whole career. The first single released was the track "Spirit Of The Knight" (骑士精神), which became a big hit and led to the highly anticipated release of her album Magic (看我72变). The album turned out to be a **ashing success, topping the Taiwan album charts for three full months and selling more than 300,000 copies in Taiwan alone. The album has sold over a million copies in Asia. The album boasted many of her most well-known singles, including the hit dance song that brought Tsai back to the top of the charts "See My 72 Changes" (看我72变) and the extremely popular "Say Love You" (说爱你). The latter song and several others, including the hit "Prague Square" (布拉格广场) were penned by fellow Taiwan mega star Jay Chou (周杰伦). The new image she presented for this album was more playful and ***y than before and her music became more dance-oriented. This transformation gave her what she needed to make a comeback to the music scene after being gone for almost a year.Tsai’s sixth album, Castle (城堡), was just as popular as its predecessor and became a top album in many Asian countries. This album also featured many other hit songs including the main upbeat dance track "36 Tricks of Love" (爱情36计), the sad love ballads "The Smell of Lemon Grass" (柠檬草的味道) and "Disappearing Castle" (消失的城堡), and "Love Love Love" (Love Love Love), a Mandarin cover of the Russian song "Stop Stop Stop" by Nu Virgos. Tsai also wrote the lyrics to the song "The Starter" (始作俑者).Between Castle and her next studio album, Tsai released a CD of remixes called J9 New + ***** Collection. This remix album featured two new songs including the hit song "Signature Pose" and remixes of Tsai’s most popular dance songs. A medley of her dance hits was also included on the album. In 2003, Tsai sang the Mandarin version of "Mirage (Warriors In Peace)", the theme song for the film Warriors of Heaven and Earth.On April 25, 2005, Tsai seventh album J-Game was released, also topping charts throughout Asia and ****** her extremely popular in Hong Kong, China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Not only did the album become the longest running album on the Taiwanese album charts in 2005, it also sold over 1 million copies throughout Asia in just a little over a month. The album featured many more hip-hop influenced tracks than before, though it retained the dance pop and love ballads that made her famous. Though she supposedly broke up with Chou around the time the album was recorded, Tsai was able to find many other writers and producers for this album, including another huge pop star, Lee-Hom Wang. One of the songs he penned for Jolin, "Exclusive Myth" (独占神话), was included on the album. The first single of the album "Barbaric Game" (野蛮游戏) was a huge hit across Asia and it was followed by several other strong singles including "The Greek Girl Next To The Wishing Pond" (许愿池的希腊少女) (composed by rising Hong Kong singer Ivana Wong), "Sky" (天空), "Repeat Signs" (反覆记号), "I Really Miss You" (好想你) and "Eyes Half Shut" (睁一只眼 闭一只眼). The music video of the latter song presented a much ***ier image of Tsai than ever seen before. During this time, Tsai also rapped on a **ash duet with her good friend Show Luo called "The Real Chosen One".In early 2006 it was announced that Tsai would be leaving Sony BMG, the record company that helped elevate her to superstar status, and joining EMI Capitol.In May, 2006, Sony released a greatest hits compilation album called J-Top, which included two CDs and a DVD with new and previously unreleased music videos and a 70 minute documentary on Tsai’s time at Sony. The compilation featured many of the best songs from the albums she released under Sony. There were two new songs included on the album, one of which featured a music video where Tsai looks back on all her old music videos. 2006-2009: Capitol Records In concert, 2007 in SingaporeAfter the release of J-Top, her first album with Capitol, Dancing Diva was released on May 12, 2006. This album became Tsai’s biggest album yet, selling over 2 million copies in Asia. The album featured some of her most popular and ***iest dance songs ever, including the aforementioned title track "Dancing Diva" (舞娘), "Pulchritude" (玩美), "Mr.Q" (the music video for this song shows a very ***y Tsai getting intimate with Hong Kong pop star Edison Chen), and the ***** track "Attraction of Sexy Lips"(唇唇欲动) (a song she did as part of an endorsement deal with MaxFactor which is almost close to Anita Mui’s song "Hot Red Lips"). The album also featured two of the biggest hits in Asia during the year: the fun and upbeat "A Wonder in Madrid" (马德里不思议)and the touching love ballad "Pretence" (假装). She collaborated with good friend and labelmate Stanley Huang on the song "Nice Guy" (乖乖牌), which he also helped to write. Tsai also had some writing duties on the album, writing the lyrics for the song "The Prologue" (开场白), which many speculate was written about Chou. The album was re-released in July as the "Perfect Celebration Edition" with a DVD featuring music videos of all eleven of the songs on the album. She has done the same thing for Magic, Castle, and J-Game as well.During the fall of 2006, Tsai began her Dancing Forever World Tour, performing concerts to sellout crowds in Asia. The huge opening concert in Hong Kong, which took place on her birthday, featured many special guests, including one of Hong Kong’s top male artists Eason Chan, Taiwan’s rising pop princess Rainie Yang, and Show Luo. Show Luo and Huang also made ******** appearances in other stops of her tour, however, the most shocking moment was when she kissed fellow Taiwanese diva Elva Hsiao on the lips during one of her concerts. Tsai made guest appearances at her friend Stefanie Sun’s concerts, while she and popular Singaporean male artist JJ Lin took turns appearing at each other’s concerts.Tsai released another album, Dancing Forever (唯舞独尊) in October 2006. It features two CDs and a DVD. The first disc is comprised of all-new material, including the title track and theme for her tour: "Dancing Forever". Covers of songs by Chinese divas Sandy Lam and Faye Wong and a duet called "Marry Me Today" (今天你要嫁给我)she recorded with her idol and mentor David Tao, are also included. Furthermore, she experiments with two other dialects - Taiwanese and Cantonese (the Canto version of "Pretence" is on the album). Up to this point, she has only released music in Mandarin and English. The second disc features remixes of three dance hits from Dancing Diva, while the DVD features the LUX sp***ored mini-concert she performed in the summer in Kaohsiung. It features Huang and Taiwanese guy group Energy.A month later, Sony released another 2 CD compilation album called Jolin Favorite Live Concert Music Selection. This album c***ists of remixes of popular songs Jolin recorded under Sony, as well as rare live tracks.Tsai ended 2006 on a high note, performing hits like "Mr.Q", "A Wonder in Madrid", "Pretence" and "Dancing Diva" at several New Year countdown parties in Taiwan. Furthermore, according to g-music, Dancing Diva became the biggest selling album of the year in Taiwan, while Dancing Forever reached #15 on the year-end album sales charts. particularly her extremely popular duet with David Tao, which is c***idered by many lists to be the #1 song of the year in Taiwan. Singles like "Dancing Diva," "Pretence," and "A Wonder in Madrid" were also the winners of many song awards at the end of 2006 and the start of 2007.Tsai released The Acquired Talent (地才) (DVD, photobook and poster) on June 8, 2007, which featured performances from her latest world tour and documented her hard work and perseverance in preparing for the tour. The DVD shows footage of her performing dance sequences with concert guests Luo, Huang, and Hsiao. The DVD opened at the top of the Taiwanese audio/video charts and stayed there for thirteen weeks. It is said that her new album will be coming out in mid-August or September.On June 16, Tsai finally won at the most prestigious music awards show in Taiwan. She received the Most Favorite Female Artist and the Best Female Singer awards at the 18th Annual Golden Melody Awards. Regardless of the controversy surrounding this award, her other award for Most Favorite Female Artist shows the immense popularity she has around the world as the award was voted on by the fans for a couple of months prior to the awards show. She beat out many other huge pop stars like, Fish Leong, Sun, Hsiao, Twins, A-mei, Yang, and others.Just a few days before the release of Tsai’s new album at Capitol Records, Sony released another compilation album, Jolin’s Final Wonderland (Jolin梦绮地精选). This collection is the most comprehensive, featuring almost all the songs Tsai released during her time at Sony. The album includes three CDs (songs are separated into dance songs, cute songs, and love ballads), as well as a DVD with 22 music videos and a 52-page photo book.Jolin Tsai became the online game spokeswoman of "We Dancing Online" after the CD album release of "Dancing Forever".Tsai’s second album with Capitol Records, titled Agent J (特务J), was released on September 21, 2007. The album features eleven new tracks and the ***** track "Let’s Move It," which was used as a promotional track in commercials for Toyota. The deluxe version of the album features a 3-part 70-minute music movie filmed in France, London, and Bangkok. The movie, costing NT 50 million to film, stars Tsai as the leather-clad Agent J and features popular Korean actor Kim Jae Won and Hong Kong stars Stephen Fung and Carl Ng. Hits from the album include the title track "Agent J" (特务J), the ballads "Alone" (一个人) and "Fear Free" (怕什麼), and the dance tracks "Bravo Lover" (爱无赦)(best known for its often-imitated dance steps) and "Tacit Violence" (冷‧暴力).According to g-music Taiwan, the album accounted for 45% of album sales and over 65% of Mandarin album sales in Taiwan in its first week of release. Since its release, the album had stayed at the #1 position for two weeks. For the first time, Tsai released two more versi*** of the album: the Champion Special Edition (featuring 10 music videos, 4 dance instruction music videos, and a remix of Bravo Lover) and the No. 1 Special Celebration Edition (featuring the "Let’s Move It" music video and her "Agent J" celebration concert featuring the best male artist at the Golden Melody Awards, Nicky Lee from Taiwanese hip-hop group Machi).Tsai then collaborated with western pop queen, Kylie Minogue in a song called "In My Arms", which would be included in the Asian version of Kylie’s album X. Tsai was invited to the world premiere of Kylie’s movie ’White Diamond’, where Tsai presented Kylie with her newest album and a jade bracelet which she personally picked for her.Soon after, Tsai traveled to Hong Kong for Christmas, attending various functi*** and performing and winning three awards at the 2007 Metro Showbiz Music Awards, before returning to Taiwan. Once again, Tsai ended off the year performing hits in Taiwan to celebrate the end of 2007. For the second year in a row, Tsai had the best-selling album in Taiwan. According to g-music, sales of Agent J accounted for 3.08% of all album sales in Taiwan and 5.96% of Chinese albums for the year, even higher than the numbers for Dancing Diva a year ago.Like the previous year, Tsai also topped the Hito Top 100 Singles chart for the year. This time her song "Sun Will Never Set" was voted to be the top song of the year by over 340,000 voters.In April 2008, Tsai incorporated newly-learnt skills such as flying rings and pole dance in addition to her usual multi-style dances in her concert in Beijing’s Workers’ Gymnasium.Tsai’s first English album Love Exercise (爱的练习语) was released in November. The album features remakes of 10 popular English songs such as "I Won’t Last A Day Without You" and "Lady Marmalade". This marked her first full-fledged venture into the English music territory. However, the lack of promotional activities leading up to the release of the album and the fact that it was pushed back from its original release date in March, contributed to lower-than-expected sales volume being recorded.Because Tsai was not active in the Chinese music market during the 2008, Jolin was not on the year-end music charts. This broke her streak of having the year’s best-selling album in Taiwan as Dancing Diva and Agent J topped the charts in 2006 and 2007 respectively.Love Exercise would mark Tsai’s last studio release with Capitol. Similar to how Sony released a J-Top when she left the label for Capitol, Capitol also released a greatest hits compilation to mark the end of Jolin’s contract with them. Jeneration Collection 2006-2009 (J世纪Jeneration 大牌新曲+精选盘2006-2009), a 2CD compilation of songs from Dancing Diva, Dancing Forever, and Agent J was released in February, packaged with a 416 page photo book with over 555 photos of the "goddess of a thousand faces." The album hit #2 on the album charts, while J-Top hit #1 back in 2006. 2009-Present: Warner MusicJolin’s new Mandarin album, Flower Butterfly (花蝴蝶), was released on March 27.. This was her first official full-fledged album after joining Warner Music. Early images that were released indicated that the album’s image would be based on the concept of a "colorful butterfly", namely it being colorful and able to fly ****ly without worries. It is of her view that the songs in the album seek to encourage her fans to follow their dreams and not allow anything to hold them back from succeeding, thus the meaning of "flying high, flying ****ly" just like a butterfly. The production costs of Flower Butterfly reached a new high – the 16 promotional outfits cost $2.5 million and the 6 most beautiful outfits were specially ordered from America. The album’s first plug, entitled "Real Man" (大丈夫) was released and features Taiwanese rapper Nick. The album’s subsequent singles, the title track "Butterfly" (花蝴蝶) and the ballad "Compromise" (妥协) were released soon after. The music video for "Butterfly" features Jolin’s new dance skill, ballet pirouettes, while the video for "Compromise" features one of Taiwan’s biggest idol actors, Ethan Ruan.
骑士精神的诗歌 英语英语的!
Be without fear in the face of your enemies. Be brave and upright that God may thee. Speak the truth even if it leads to your death. Save God the helpless. That is your oath! And that so you remember it! Rise a knight! I will be kind to the weak. I will be brave against the strong. I will fight all who do wrong. I will fight for those who cannot fight. I will help those who call me for help. I will harm no woman. I will help my brother knight. I will be true to my friends. I will be faithful in love.
“骑士守则”用英语怎么说
骑士守则,即“骑士精神”,Chivalry,或The Chivalric Code含8点:谦卑礼貌,崇尚荣誉,勇于牺牲,英勇无畏,怜悯弱者,诚实守信,执着精神,大公无私。骑士精神还有另一重要守则——不伤害女人(危及个人生命、生死关头除外)。训祷如下——I will be kind to the weak.I will be brave against the strong.I will fight all who do wrong.I will fight for those who cannot fight.I will help those who call me for help.I will harm no woman.I will help my brother knight.I will be true to my friends.I will be faithful in love....又说:全名《圣殿qi士守则》,The Templar Code供参
英文易混词 怎么办
易混淆词汇 1) quite 相当 quiet 安静地 2) affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结果, 影响 3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行 4) angel 天使 angle 角度 5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记 6) contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下文 contest 竞争, 比赛 7) principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则 8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的 9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文 10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲,打 11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下, 血统 descend v 向下 12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水 13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近 14) costume 服装 custom 习惯 15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的 16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的 17) abroad 国外 aboard 上(船,飞机) 18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变 19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音 20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役 21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓 22) beam 梁, 光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式 23) precede 领先 proceed 进行,继续 24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物 25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房 26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴 27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳 28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉 29) clash (金属)幢击声 crash 碰幢,坠落 crush 压坏 30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物 31) confirm 确认 conform 使顺从 32) contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照 33) council 议会 counsel 忠告 c***ul 领事 34) crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛 35) dose 一剂药 doze 打盹 36) drawn draw 过去分词 drown 溺水 37) emigrant 移民到国外 immigrant 从某国来的移民 38) excess n 超过 exceed v超过 excel 擅长 39) hotel 青年旅社 hostel 旅店 40) latitude 纬度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激 41) immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的 42) lone 孤独的 alone 单独的 lonely 寂寞的 43) mortal 不死的 metal 金属 mental 神经的 medal 勋章 model 模特meddle 玩弄 44) scare 惊吓 scarce 缺乏的 45) drought 天旱 draught 通风, 拖 拉 draughts (英)国际跳棋 47) assure 保证 ensure 使确定 insure 保险 48) except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 选录 exempt 免除 49) floor 地板 flour 面粉 50) incident 事件 accident 意外 51) inspiration 灵感 aspiration 渴望 52) march 三月, 前进 match 比赛 53) patent 专利 potent 有力的 potential 潜在的 54) police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治 55) protest 抗议 protect 保护 56) require 需要 inquire 询问 enquire 询问 acquire 获得 67) revenge 报仇 avenge 为...报仇 68) story 故事 storey 楼层 store 商店 69) strike 打 stick 坚持 strict 严格的 70) expand 扩张 expend 花费 extend 延长 71) commerce 商业 commence 开始 72) through 通过 thorough 彻底的 (al)though 尽管 thought think 过去分词 73) purpose 目的 suppose 假设 propose 建议 74) expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 视察 suspect 怀疑 75) glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落 76) steal 偷 steel 钢 77) strive 努力 stride 大步走 78) allusion 暗示 illusion 幻觉 delusion 错觉 elusion 逃避 79) prospect 前景 perspective 透视法 80) stationery 文具 stationary 固定的 81) loose 松的 lose 丢失 loss n 损失 lost lose过去式 82) amend 改正, 修正 emend 校正 83) amoral unmoral immoral 同义 不道德的 84) capitol 大厦 capital 首都 85) casual 随便的 causal 表原因的 86) extend 延伸 extent 长度 extant 现存的 87) inability 没能力 disability 残疾 88) personnel 人事 personal 个人的 89) statue 塑像 statute 法令 stature 身长 status 地位 90) widow 寡妇 window 窗户 91) socks 短袜 stockings 长筒袜 92) tax 税 taxi 出租 93) definite 不定的 infinite 无限的 94) grim 严酷的 grime 污点 95) crayon 蜡笔 canyon 山谷 96) recent 最近 resent 生气 97) phrase 短语 phase 阶段 98) mission 使命 emission 散发, 发射 mansion 大厦 99) vision 视觉 version 译本 100) gasp 上气不接下气 grasp 抓住 101) delicate 微妙的 dedicate 献身 101) idle 空闲的 idol 偶像 102) induce 促使,劝诱 deduce 推测 reduce 减少 seduce 诱使 103) lapse 流逝 elapse 消逝 eclipse 日食 104) rude 粗鲁的 crude 天然的 105) source 水源 sauce 酱油 saucer 茶托 resource 资源 recourse 求援 106) sled (儿童)雪橇 sledge 雪橇 107) stripe 条纹 strip 条 trip 旅行 108) vocation 职业 vacation 假期 evocation 召集 revocation 撤回 109) ardor 热情 adore 崇拜 adorn 装饰 110) area 区域 era 时代 111) resemble 象... assemble v 集合,装配 assembly n 集合, 装配 112) assume 假定 resume 恢复 113) attain 达到 obtain 获得 abstain 放弃 114) award 授予 reward 奖赏 115) baggage (American English) luggage 行李 116) badge 徽章 bandage 绷带 117) blade 刀刃 bald 秃的 bold 大胆 118) bloom 开花 blossom 开花(结果实) bosom 胸口 119)blush 脸红 flush 发红(脸) 120) bride 新娘 bribe 贿赂 121) growl 咆哮 howl 狼叫 122) depress 使沮丧 suppress 镇压 oppress 压迫 123) dime 一角 dim 暗淡的 124) dizzy 眼花缭乱 dazzle 使眼花 125) brown 褐色 brow 眼眉 blow 打击 126) bullet 子弹 bulletin 公告 127) carton 纸板盒 cartoon 动画 128) chivalry 骑士精神 cavalry 骑兵队 129) collar 领子 cellar 地窖 color 颜色 130) vanish 消失 evanish 使消失 131) intrude 入侵 extrude 逐出 detrude 推下 132) contort 扭弯 distort 弄弯 retort 反驳 133) eminent 杰出的 imminent 逼近的 134) decline 下降 recline 放置 incline 倾斜 135) exclaim 呼喊 proclaim 宣布 acclaim 欢呼 declaim 朗诵 136) edict 法令 indict 控告 137) perfuse 泼洒 profuse 浪费的 138) reject 拒绝 eject 逐出 inject 注射 deject 使沮丧 139) literacy 识字 literary 文学的 literature 文学 literal 文字的 140) median 中央的,中线的 medium 媒体 141) expel 驱逐 repel 反击 impel 推动 dispel 驱散 142) rip 撕 ripe 熟的 143) wench 绞车 wrench 扭伤 144) confidant 知己 confident 有信心的 145) dine 吃饭 diner 吃饭人 dinning n 吃饭 dinner 晚饭 146) dreg 渣滓 drag 拖拉 147) faint 失去知觉 feint 佯攻 148) imprudence 轻率 impudence 无耻 149) specie 硬币 species 种类 150) hanger 钩子 hangar 棚厂 hunger 饥饿 151) suite 一(套,批) suit一套衣服
绅士风度是什么意思(绅士风度源于英国本土的骑士精神)
根据生活经验,不难理解绅士风度的潜在含义。根据其发展的历史轨迹来看, 绅士风度文化有狭义和广义的区分。 狭义的绅士风度主要是指英国历史上的绅士阶层的行为礼仪。广义的绅士风度其内容的具体含义以及适用的人群范围比狭义的绅士风度要大得多。
广义的绅士风度是现今运用在我们生活之中的男性文化,所以更具有现代意义 。要说“绅士风度”这一词语的内在含义还要从英国的历史文化说起。接下来,就来了解英国绅士风度的发展历史和核心内容。
一、绅士风度源于中世纪欧洲的骑士精神
欧洲中世纪的骑士精神
在欧洲封建王朝统治时期,骑士最早是指一种马术,随着战争的频发,骑士阶层崛起,他们为国家荣誉而战,甚至可以舍弃自己的生命。 所以这个时期的骑士也代表了一种爱国精神 。
在**教神学思想统治下的欧洲,封建王朝没有实权,**教迫切需要一种新的精神力量以方便对人们进行思想的管理。骑士精神一直以来就是贵族和国家精神力量的象征,**教对骑士精神也做了改良。
随着底层民众力量的壮大,这一思想演变成为大众的精神力量。 尤其是欧洲的男性,他们更是将这一思想看作自己行为的标准。在男性与女性的相处过程中, 骑士精神要求男性礼让女性,主动保护女性的生命或是财产安全,这一点和绅士风度里面要求男性对待女性的礼仪原则相似。
都说文化是一脉相承的,英国早期的骑士精神随着时代的发扬, 其代表的精神内涵也逐渐增多,而我们所说的绅士风度就是源于骑士精神的引申概念。
骑士精神与绅士文化的相同点
我们所说的绅士风度,指多个方面, 一个是男性的穿衣风格要得体,二是男性的行为举止要合适,三是男性的道德品行要高,道德品行这一块也包含了男性对女性的尊重 。
绅士风度 涉及到的核心观念多是从这个时期的 骑士精神提取 ,比如绅士风度常讲到“女士优先”的礼仪原则就是出自那个时期的骑士精神。到了现代,骑士精神也有了特殊的含义,多是指一个男性对心仪女生的保护行为。
当然,现代的这种思想也不是毫无根据就出现的,因为在早期的英国,女性就是男性应该保护的对象。尤其是近代的历史中,骑士精神的核心思想内容就包含了男性对女性的礼仪原则。 所以说,在某些方面,绅士风度和骑士精神有一定的相似之处。
当代的骑士精神与绅士文化的具体体现
日常生活中,我们所谈及到的骑士精神,往往是指一个男性对女性的保护行为。比如说某一个男生是他心爱女孩的骑士 。与灰姑娘梦想的白马王子有一定区别,骑士是男孩对女孩主动守护。白马王子主要是指男孩的容颜好、背景强大,而骑士可能不具备这些条件。
我们也常常在影视剧中看到优秀的男二,大家都称呼他们为骑士,女主最终选择的人才能被称为王子。绅士风度在当代的运用比较广泛,在各种的饭局上,有礼貌懂礼仪的男性都会被说具有绅士风度, 这就和当代人对绅士风度的理解有很大的关系。
绅士文化虽然是扎根欧洲的土壤孕育而成,但是精神文化不分国界,这种精神文化对于全世界的人们的来说是一种精神共识,所以在很多方面,大家赞扬这种文化并且努力践行着 。
二、英国“绅士”阶层的崛起推动了绅士文化的发展
“绅士”,英语gentlemen,在英国文化中代表的名称较广
“绅士”一词用英语表示,就是gentlemen。 我们通过很多的经典小说绘发现,这个词语代表的主要是贵族之下的绅士阶层。但是,有些小说中也会用gentlemen这一词语来形容骑士、或是一些有学识修养的人,还会用来形容 贵族的行为礼仪 , 比如公爵、伯爵、侯爵等。 所以综合起来看, 绅士也主要指具有学识修养的人。
绅士阶层的崛起原因:土地资源的充分利用
中世纪的欧洲等级制度严格,一般来说,只有具有一定财富的人才有出席重要的宴会。自古以来,歌会、舞会就是英国贵族人士交流文化、显示身份地位的重要场所。能够出席这样的场合也是一个人的能力。能够出席这种场合成为了很多人奋斗的目标。
据说,在英国的封建王朝与**教会决裂的时间里,国王将原本属于教会的土地没收,重新分配。有钱的人可以依据自己的财力购买,通过商业发家致富的绅士阶层抓住了这个机会,很多绅士在这个时期拥有了自己的领地。这样一来,他们虽然在政治地位上没有贵族高,但是他们的实力就壮大了,而且可以用土地展开新的经济活动。 有了足够的财力,绅士阶层才能够学习更好的文化知识,对他们而言,物质的富足只是精神富足的基础。
三、绅士风度的细则
我们从很小的一件事就可以看出一个人是否具有绅士风度。那么就来谈一谈绅士风度究竟有哪些细则?
首先,男士的绅士风度体现在与人打招呼的过程中,要主动向熟人问好,积极响应他人的热情。其次,与朋友有约之后不能及时到达必须提前与人交代事情的变化,方便时可以交代原因。
与人交流时, 说话要注意分寸,要分时间、地点和场合,不能随意发言,不要随意打断他人的话,别人说话时要耐心聆听 。最后也是非常重要的一点,与女性朋友相处时要 懂得礼让,尊重女性朋友 的人格权利也是一个男性绅士风度的集中体现。
当然,以上内容只是对绅士风度的简单概括。因为随着社会生活的繁杂,绅士风度所体现的面也广了很多。尤其是男性与女性相处的过程中,无一不体现一个男性的绅士风度。 比如,下车时男生主动为女生开启车门就是绅士风度的一种体现,像这样的例子生活中也是随处可见。
四、绅士风度与中国文化
虽说,绅士文化是英国的本土文化,但是在世界文化交流的过程中,各个民族的文化被翻译出来以不同的语言呈现的时候,体现的不仅有这种文化原本的含义,还有该语言形式下的文化特征。 比如,绅士风度的实质是指英国的男性文化,但是“绅士”这一词语本来在中国古代是指一些有地位的乡绅、学士。
那么为何要用“绅士风度”这一词语来形容英国的男性文化呢?
从地位上来说,英国的绅士是处于平民和贵族之间的人群,中国的绅士非官非民,也介于中间位置。
再者,中国古代的绅士都具有一定的学识和涵养,他们是时代精神文化的推动者,其作用巨大。 英国的绅士也是如此,他们有着较好的生活习惯和文化圈,他们带动了文化的发展。
最后,就是他们的穿作打扮各个特色,象征的是一个人群的风格。 所以,总的来说,英国的绅士和中国古代的绅士具有一定的相似之处。
再言,绅士风度指的是男性的行为礼仪,在汉语中“风度”一词也主要指的是合乎规范的言谈举止,所以用“绅士风度”一词更加强调了英国男性文化的标准。 所以,从汉语文学的角度来看,“绅士风度”也夹杂了中国古代的历史文化成分。
五、结语
绅士风度是我们在现实生活中运用得较多的词语,我们常用绅士风度去形容一个男性的行为规范和内在的精神气质。骑士精神是英国的本土文化, 从中世纪早期开始,随着英国的骑士文化发展逐渐衍生出的一种社会大众对英国男性的认知文化,这种文化也就是我们现在所说的绅士风度。
在英国的历史上,爵士本是指一个社会阶层,这个阶层的男性穿衣很讲究,大礼帽、西装、皮鞋是他们的服饰标配。再者,这类的人群有自己固定的生活圈,其文化学识深厚,所以表现出来的行为多是彬彬有礼。在大众看来,他们的行为特征就应该是社会男性的普遍准则。 这样一来,英国的绅士文化得以延续,并直接塑造了英国整个国家的人文精神。
绅士,在中世纪英国的地位仅次于贵族,所以是介于贵族与平民之间的一个社会阶层。在当时,绅士风度也主要指代绅士阶层的行为礼仪。
随着欧洲人文思想的发展,尤其是理性主义思想促进了绅士文化大众化。经历了工业革命后的英国,贵族的力量微弱,大众更加迫切地需要一种新的文化思想,这个时期的绅士文化成为了一种大众信仰。 总的来说,绅士文化的发展轨迹与欧洲骑士精神的发展脉络相似,也是从一个阶层的文化逐渐演变成社会大众的精神文化。
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